Language
Although people say that everyone speaks English in the Philippines, this is a bit of an exaggeration.
I would estimate that 30% can speak perfect English, a further 40% are ok to pretty good, and a good 30% have little to zero English.
The philippines also has some of its own interesting English words like:
Comfort Room or C.R. --> toilet, bathroom, restroom.
Buy One Take One --> buy one get one free
PWD --> person with disability, disabled
The main language is called Tagalog and then in addition there are many local dialects in the various regions around the country.
Some useful Tagalog words include:
Salamat - thank you